Full Form of PEM

What is PEM?

Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is a form of malnutrition resulting from inadequate intake of protein and calories, commonly affecting children under five years in developing countries like India. It manifests as stunting (chronic malnutrition), wasting (acute malnutrition), and underweight. In India, PEM is a major public health concern, with the National Family Health Survey reporting high prevalence, especially in rural and marginalized communities. The condition arises from poverty, food insecurity, poor dietary diversity, and recurrent infections. PEM is classified into marasmus (deficiency of both protein and calories) and kwashiorkor (primarily protein deficiency). The Indian government addresses PEM through programs like ICDS, Poshan Abhiyaan, and Mid-Day Meal Scheme. Clinically, PEM leads to growth failure, impaired immunity, and increased mortality. In education, PEM is a key topic in NEET PG, AIIMS, and UPSC exams, where questions focus on its etiology, classification (Gomez classification, Waterlow criteria), and management. Understanding PEM is crucial for healthcare professionals and policymakers. The Sustainable Development Goals aim to reduce malnutrition by 2030, making PEM elimination a priority. Prevention includes improving breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and access to healthcare.

PEM का फुल फॉर्म

Example

According to the National Family Health Survey-5, the prevalence of PEM among children under five in India is still alarmingly high, particularly in states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

PEM — frequently asked questions

Related full forms