Full formMedical & Health
LOHstands forLoss of Heterozygosity
Full Form of LOH
What is LOH?
Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) refers to the genetic event where one allele of a gene pair is deleted or inactivated, leaving only a single functional copy. In normal diploid cells, each gene has two alleles; LOH occurs when one allele is lost, often unmasking a recessive mutation in the remaining allele. This phenomenon is a hallmark of many cancers, particularly in tumour suppressor genes such as RB1, TP53, and BRCA1/2. In India, LOH analysis is increasingly used in molecular pathology labs and research centres to study hereditary cancer syndromes, especially breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancers. It is commonly detected using techniques like microsatellite markers or next-generation sequencing. For medical students and professionals preparing for NEET PG or AIIMS exams, understanding LOH is critical for oncology and genetics sections. The concept also appears in the context of genomic instability and clonal evolution, making it a foundational topic in cancer biology. As Indian healthcare moves toward precision medicine, LOH testing helps guide targeted therapies and risk assessment in familial cancer clinics.
LOH का फुल फॉर्म
हेटेरोज़ाइगोसिटी का नुकसान
Example
The tumour sample exhibited LOH at the BRCA1 locus, confirming a suspected hereditary breast cancer mutation in the patient.
LOH — frequently asked questions
What is the full form of LOH?
The full form of LOH is Loss of Heterozygosity, a genetic event where one allele of a gene is deleted, often linked to cancer development.
How is LOH detected in Indian laboratories?
LOH is detected using microsatellite markers, PCR-based assays, or next-generation sequencing in Indian molecular pathology labs, especially for hereditary cancer syndromes.
Why is LOH important for NEET PG preparation?
LOH is a key concept in genetics and oncology, frequently tested in NEET PG and other Indian medical entrance exams, focusing on its role in tumour suppressor gene inactivation.