Full formGovernment & Exams
ESZstands forEcologically Sensitive Zone
Full Form of ESZ
What is ESZ?
An Ecologically Sensitive Zone (ESZ) is a legally designated area around protected forests, wildlife sanctuaries, and national parks in India, aimed at minimizing human impact on fragile ecosystems. These zones act as buffer areas to regulate industrial, commercial, and construction activities that could harm biodiversity. In India, ESZs are notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. They are critical for balancing development with conservation, especially in regions like the Western Ghats, Himalayas, and coastal belts. ESZs are frequently discussed in the context of mining, real estate, and tourism projects that require environmental clearance. For competitive exams such as UPSC, state PSCs, and environmental science civil services, questions on ESZ notification criteria, Supreme Court judgments on buffer zones, and their role in wildlife protection are common. Understanding ESZ is vital for students preparing for environmental impact assessments and policy debates.
ESZ का फुल फॉर्म
पारिस्थितिकी संवेदनशील क्षेत्र
Example
The state government has proposed a 1-km ESZ around the Kaziranga National Park to curb encroachment and protect the one-horned rhinoceros habitat.
ESZ — frequently asked questions
What is the full form of ESZ?
ESZ stands for Ecologically Sensitive Zone, a buffer area designated around protected forests and wildlife habitats to regulate human activities.
How is ESZ different from SEZ?
ESZ (Ecologically Sensitive Zone) aims to conserve biodiversity by restricting development, whereas SEZ (Special Economic Zone) promotes industrial growth with tax incentives and relaxed regulations.
Who notifies ESZ in India?
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) notifies ESZs under the Environment Protection Act, 1986, often after consultation with state governments.