Full Form of GDM

What is GDM?

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by high blood sugar levels that are first recognized during pregnancy. It typically develops in the second or third trimester due to hormonal changes that cause insulin resistance. In India, GDM affects approximately 10–14% of pregnant women, with higher prevalence in urban areas and among women with a family history of diabetes. Early screening through an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation is standard practice in Indian antenatal care protocols. If left untreated, GDM can lead to complications such as macrosomia, preeclampsia, and increased risk of type 2 diabetes for both mother and child. Management involves dietary modifications, regular physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, and sometimes insulin therapy. For medical students and professionals preparing for exams like NEET PG, AIIMS, and nursing entrance tests, GDM is a high-yield topic in obstetrics and endocrinology. Understanding its diagnostic criteria, treatment goals, and postpartum follow-up is essential for clinical practice and examinations.

GDM का फुल फॉर्म

Example

The obstetrician referred the patient for an OGTT at 24 weeks to rule out GDM after she showed excessive weight gain and a family history of diabetes.

GDM — frequently asked questions